{"id":110,"date":"2026-04-05T00:49:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-05T00:49:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/?p=110"},"modified":"2026-04-05T00:49:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T00:49:48","slug":"alf-was-defined-as-liver-stiffness-ls-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/?p=110","title":{"rendered":"\ufeffALF was defined as liver stiffness (LS) 9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\ufeffALF was defined as liver stiffness (LS) 9.5 kPa. scores, aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index (APRI) and FIB-4, were also used. RESULTS: LS values of co-infected patients were higher than in either HIV or HCV mono-infected patients (2MH= 4,P< 0.04). In fact, LS 9.5 was significantly higher in co-infected than in HIV and HCV mono-infected patients (2= 5,P< 0.03). Also APRI and the FIB-4 index showed more LF in co-infected than in HIV mono-infected patients (P< 0.0001), but not in HCV mono-infected patients. In HIVHCV co-infected patients, the extent of LS was significantly associated with alcohol intake (P< 0.04) and lower CD4+ cell count (P< 0.02). In HCV patients, LS was correlated with alcohol intake (P< 0.001) and cholesterol levels (P< 0.03). Body mass index, diabetes, HCV- and HIV-viremia were not significantly correlated with LS. In addition, 20% of co-infected patients had virologically unsuccessful HAART; in 50% compliance was low, CD4+ levels were < 400 cells\/mm3and LS was > 9.5 kPa. There was no significant correlation between extent of LF and HAART exposure or duration of HAART exposure, in particular with specific dideoxynucleoside analogues. CONCLUSION: ALF was more frequent in co-infected than mono-infected patients. This result correlated with lower CD4 levels. Protective immunological effects of HAART on LF progression outweigh its hepatotoxic effects. Keywords:Liver fibrosis, Transient elastography, Aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index, FIB-4 test, Fibrosis evaluation, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Hepatitis C virus infection == INTRODUCTION == In the last few years, liver disease associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has emerged as a significant problem in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, thanks to improved survival in the highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) era[1]. It has been reported that HIV and HCV co-infection leads to a more rapid progression of liver disease to cirrhosis[2,3]. Other factors such as severe immune suppression and alcohol consumption accelerate the progression of HCV-related fibrosis[4,5]. Virologically successful HAART Telithromycin (Ketek) slows the progression of liver fibrosis (LF) and reduces hepatic necroinflammatory activity in HIV\/HCV co-infected patients[2,6]. In contrast, antiretroviral-related liver toxicity could KIF23<\/a> contribute to liver damage in HIV- and HIV\/HCV-infected patients[7]. Mitochondrial toxicity of nucleoside analogues[8], and glucose or Telithromycin (Ketek)<\/a> lipid abnormalities, such as hyperglycemia and lipodystrophy, which are particularly common when using some protease inhibitors[9], may produce Telithromycin (Ketek) or enhance LF progression in HIV mono- and HIV\/HCV co-infected patients. Currently, in this respect, a growing number of cases of cryptogenetic liver disease in symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV-infected patients has been reported[10,11]. Percutaneous liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessing LF. However, it may be associated with sampling variability[12], is an invasive technique with rates of morbidity of 3% and mortality of 0.03%[13,14], and as a consequence, is not suitable for repeated assessment, which is required when monitoring LF. For these reasons, new noninvasive methods for the assessment of LF have been developed. Transient elastography (TE) (Fibro-Scan; EchoSens, Paris, France) is a rapid, reliable and tolerable imaging technique for the assessment of LF by measuring liver stiffness (LS)[15,16]. On the other hand, many biochemical markers have been implemented to estimate LF, with the aim of reducing the number of liver biopsies[14]. The advent of TE and biochemical markers has been demonstrated to be very helpful in the non-invasive measurement of LF, particularly in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients in whom liver biopsy is not recommended[11]. TE has already been validated for the measurement of LF in HIV and HCV seropositive patients[17,18]. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of LF and cirrhosis in a group of HIV mono-infected, HCV mono-infected and HIV\/HCV co-infected patients using TE and biochemical markers. In addition, we evaluated which of the factors studied correlated with advanced LF (ALF) and cirrhosis. == MATERIALS AND METHODS == == Study population == Between September 2008 and October 2009 all consecutive HIV mono-infected and HIV\/HCV co-infected patients on regular follow-up at the AIDS Center.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\ufeffALF was defined as liver stiffness (LS) 9.5 kPa. scores, aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index (APRI) and FIB-4, were also used. RESULTS: LS values of…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-miscellaneous-opioids"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=110"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111,"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/110\/revisions\/111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/200okconsulting.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}